Implement a first in first out (FIFO) queue using only two stacks. The implemented queue should support all the functions of a normal queue (push, peek, pop, and empty).
Implement the MyQueue class:
void push(int x) Pushes element x to the back of the queue.
int pop() Removes the element from the front of the queue and returns it.
int peek() Returns the element at the front of the queue.
boolean empty() Returns true if the queue is empty, false otherwise.
Notes:
You must use only standard operations of a stack, which means only push to top, peek/pop from top, size, and is empty operations are valid.
Depending on your language, the stack may not be supported natively. You may simulate a stack using a list or deque (double-ended queue) as long as you use only a stack's standard operations.
Example 1:
Input
["MyQueue", "push", "push", "peek", "pop", "empty"]
[[], [1], [2], [], [], []]
Output
[null, null, null, 1, 1, false]
Explanation
MyQueue myQueue = new MyQueue();
myQueue.push(1); // queue is: [1]
myQueue.push(2); // queue is: [1, 2] (leftmost is front of the queue)
myQueue.peek(); // return 1
myQueue.pop(); // return 1, queue is [2]
myQueue.empty(); // return false
Constraints:
1 <= x <= 9
At most 100 calls will be made to push, pop, peek, and empty.
All the calls to pop and peek are valid.
Follow-up: Can you implement the queue such that each operation is amortizedO(1) time complexity? In other words, performing n operations will take overall O(n) time even if one of those operations may take longer
class MyQueue {
/** 添加元素到队尾 */
public void push(int x);
/** 删除队头的元素并返回 */
public int pop();
/** 返回队头元素 */
public int peek();
/** 判断队列是否为空 */
public boolean empty();
}
class MyQueue {
private Stack<Integer> s1, s2;
public MyQueue() {
s1 = new Stack<>();
s2 = new Stack<>();
}
// ...
}
/** 添加元素到队尾 */
public void push(int x) {
s1.push(x);
}
/** 返回队头元素 */
public int peek() {
if (s2.isEmpty())
// 把 s1 元素压入 s2
while (!s1.isEmpty())
s2.push(s1.pop());
return s2.peek();
}
/** 删除队头的元素并返回 */
public int pop() {
// 先调用 peek 保证 s2 非空
peek();
return s2.pop();
}
class MyQueue {
Stack<Integer> temp=new Stack<Integer>();
Stack<Integer> value=new Stack<Integer>();
// Push element x to the back of queue.
public void push(int x) {
if(value.isEmpty())
{
value.push(x);
}
else
{
while(!value.isEmpty())
{
int tempnum=value.pop();
temp.push(tempnum);
}
value.push(x);
while(!temp.isEmpty())
{
int tempnum=temp.pop();
value.push(tempnum);
}
}
}
// Removes the element from in front of queue.
public void pop() {
value.pop();
}
// Get the front element.
public int peek()
{
return value.peek();
}
// Return whether the queue is empty.
public boolean empty()
{
return value.isEmpty();
}
}