167. Two Sum II - Input Array Is Sorted (E)

https://leetcode.com/problems/two-sum-ii-input-array-is-sorted/

Given a 1-indexed array of integers numbers that is already sorted in non-decreasing order, find two numbers such that they add up to a specific target number. Let these two numbers be numbers[index1] and numbers[index2] where 1 <= index1 < index2 <= numbers.length.

Return the indices of the two numbers, index1 and index2, added by one as an integer array [index1, index2] of length 2.

The tests are generated such that there is exactly one solution. You may not use the same element twice.

Example 1:

Input: numbers = [2,7,11,15], target = 9
Output: [1,2]
Explanation: The sum of 2 and 7 is 9. Therefore, index1 = 1, index2 = 2. We return [1, 2].

Example 2:

Input: numbers = [2,3,4], target = 6
Output: [1,3]
Explanation: The sum of 2 and 4 is 6. Therefore index1 = 1, index2 = 3. We return [1, 3].

Example 3:

Input: numbers = [-1,0], target = -1
Output: [1,2]
Explanation: The sum of -1 and 0 is -1. Therefore index1 = 1, index2 = 2. We return [1, 2].

Constraints:

• 2 <= numbers.length <= 3 * 104

• -1000 <= numbers[i] <= 1000

• numbers is sorted in non-decreasing order.

• -1000 <= target <= 1000

• The tests are generated such that there is exactly one solution.

Solution:

只要数组有序，就应该想到双指针技巧。这道题的解法有点类似二分查找，通过调节 left 和 right 可以调整 sum 的大小：

int[] twoSum(int[] nums, int target) {
    int left = 0, right = nums.length - 1;
    while (left < right) {
        int sum = nums[left] + nums[right];
        if (sum == target) {
            // 题目要求的索引是从 1 开始的
            return new int[]{left + 1, right + 1};
        } else if (sum < target) {
            left++; // 让 sum 大一点
        } else if (sum > target) {
            right--; // 让 sum 小一点
        }
    }
    return new int[]{-1, -1};
}